The power flow on utility grids consists of both active and reactive power. The difference between active and reactive power arises from the fact that the wave of alternating current always leads (capacitive load) or lags (inductive load) the voltage wave. Reactive power (measured in volts-amperes reactive, or VAr) is the product of voltage and out of phase component of alternating current.
Utilities and industries pay close attention to reactive power because it determines, how the voltage declines or 'sags' on an electric network. In order to reach stabilized voltage conditions it is necessary to compensate for the generated reactive power. To an electric power consumer, optimization of an existing power system can increase productivity, decrease utility charges, and often improve equipment reliability.
The most advanced solution to compensate for the reactive power is the use of a voltage source converter with fast semiconductor switches, which can provide a rapidly variable source of reactive power. The STATCOM converters (called SVC Light® or MINICOMP) monitor line current and voltage in order to instantaneously provide the needed leading or lagging. The STATCOM converter may be thought of as an advanced Static VAr Compensator (SVC), another product of ABB’s product line to stabilize your voltage. The ultimate aim is to stabilize the voltage and avoid any disturbances.